Terrorism And The Pursuit Of Political Aims Essay

Terrorism is the use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims. Terrorism is done by individuals and/or groups who take drastic measures in order to scare individuals into taking different course of actions. Terrorism has been around for many years, and the wider spread it became, the more people began to really research and study the epidemic. In the discussion of terrorism, individuals generally talked about the harm and destruction it caused, but some individuals argued a different point of view. Scholars have begun to see if terrorism could be justified, and if so, what would be the reason it is justified. Terrorism in certain circumstances can be viewed as justifiable due to the fact of specific elements, that led to the terrorist act. Terrorism becomes justifiable, when individuals have no other choice, but to react violently. Meaning that they have tried all over methods, before proceeding to a violent method. In a situation in which â€Å"there is clear danger to a group’s very existence or the mass extermination of noncombatants† (Smilansky 798). In these types of cases it is justifiable, because individuals live were being threatened, and this was the only efficient course of action. For example, in dictatorial regimes, particularly in third world countries, where the individuals are being completely controlled by an intolerable dictator, or are being severely oppressed, if terrorism were to occur, it could be justified, in these cases, the only wayShow MoreRelatedTerrorism And The Pursuit Of Political Aims1853 Words   |  8 Pagesof violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims is what we define as an act of terrorism, although technically there are 100 other different ways to def ine terrorism. When you hear the word terrorism in the United States, majority will automatically think of 9/11 or Osama Bin Laden. A lot automatically think of these two topics because they are not aware that terrorism occurs all over the world and not just in the United States. Overall, terrorism comes with a lot of concerns and informationRead MoreTerrorism And Its Effects On The Pursuit Of Political Aim910 Words   |  4 PagesTerrorism is defined as the use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aim. The United States Department of Defense defines terrorism as â€Å"the calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological.†(1) Terrorism has been around around since the first century BCE. The Sicarii were the first jewish group who murderedRead MoreTerrorist Attacks On The World Tra de Center1170 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent than the dangers of terrorism at a global scale: domestic terrorism. At its core, domestic terrorism differs from any other type of terrorism in the sense that those who carry it out are citizens or permanent residents of a given country and who inflict violence and intimidation against their fellow citizens or permanent residents in the pursuit of political aims (Sharpe, 2000, p. 606). In that sense, domestic terrorism may also be called homegrown terrorism. Perhaps the best, and mostRead MoreTerrorism Has Been Used For Centuries As A Weapon Of Change1074 Words   |  5 PagesTerrorism has been used for centuries as a weapon of change. Terrorism used to force change even altered the English language, the creation of the word assassin because of the Hashhashin’s in the 11th century and the Roman’s use of decimation changing the meaning from killing one in ten to massacring all involved. Much of early terrorism was based on nationalist or ethnic groups, which had exhausted all other options while reaching for political freedom and therefore resorted to violence. The mostRead MoreTerrorism : Terrorism And Terrorism959 Words   |  4 Pagescivilians, in the pursuit of political aims. In other words meaning, the unlawful use or threat of violence especially against the state or the public as a politically motivated means of attack or coercion. The terms terrorist and terrorism have been used since the late 18th century. Whil e several definitions agree that terrorism can or does consist in deliberately killing or trying to kill civilians, they disagree as to whether that violence should also aim at some political effect in order toRead MoreA New Paradigm Of Terrorism1537 Words   |  7 PagesSince the 9/11 terrorist attacks many have sought to argue that a ‘New’ paradigm of terrorism exists and therefore that the nature of modern terrorist threats has changed. However, terrorism itself has never been clearly outlined, and as such both Copeland and Duyvesteyn argue current threats to be a continuation of older trends of traditional terrorism. More so terrorism is subjective and therefore current threats depends upon who the target is and who is reporting the attack. On the other handRead MoreList Of Definitions Of Terrorism Essay969 Words   |  4 Pagesthroughout the literature reviewed. These themes are: defining terrorism, the terrorist mindset, methods of identifying a potential terro rist, ways to detect terrorist activities prior to execution, and developing means to combat future acts of terrorism. Although the literature presents these main themes in a variety of perspectives, this paper will primarily focus on their applicability to the terrorist lifecycle. Defining Terrorism What is a terrorist? Before we can determine the likelihoodRead MorePolitical Representation Of Political Violence1337 Words   |  6 Pagesembarking on a study of the representation of political violence in drama, it is essential first of all to establish some agreed-upon terms and frames of reference, and some reasonably stable understanding of the object of study. Political violence as a subject for dramatic representation can be seen as a special category of what is called political drama more generally. Political drama can be understood to include such ingredients as the clash of political philosophies and strategies in concrete situationsRead MoreA Look At The Main Goals Of Terrorism Essay1715 Words   |  7 PagesKristen Resh War and Peace Henderson A Look at the Main Goals of Terrorism While terrorism dates back to around 1 BCE, it has become much more prominent in our everyday lives within the past few decades. We are constantly worried about the next attack, when it is going to happen, and where it will be. Whether it is physical or cyber, terrorism is one of the top concerns for the United States. Although it is extremely difficult to define, the U.S. Department of Defense describes it as â€Å"the calculatedRead MoreI Had Just Arrived From School With My Siblings And Mother1726 Words   |  7 Pagesseveral places, the queues were enormous. With this, I have realized that terrorism had the potentiality of causing a global shake up, due to interconnectedness and in greater part globalization. The world today is plagued by lots of threats to the peace enjoyed despite your location, nevertheless, I must say the world in generally is taking it likely, the potentiality of the damage and power that terrorists groups and terrorism in general are amassing for a grea ter destruction in furtherance of their

The Apa Code Of Ethics - 1550 Words

The APA Code of Ethics Principles The APA code of ethics general principles intent is to guide and inspire psychologist toward the highest ethical standards of the profession. The five basic principles are beneficence and nonmaleficence, fidelity and responsibility, integrity, justice, and respect for people’s rights and dignity. Beneficence and nonmaleficence (Principle A) is when psychologists strive to benefit those whom they work and take care to do no harm. As professionals, psychologists seek to protect the welfare and rights of those who they interact with professionally and other affected people, and the welfare of animal subjects of research. When conflicts arise, psychologists’ attempt to resolve them in a responsible manner that avoids or minimizes harm. Because psychologists’ judgments and actions may affect others, they are alert and guard against personal, financial, social, organizational, or political factors that might lead to misuse of their inf luence (APA, 2002). Psychologists strive to be aware of the possible effect that their physical and mental health will have on their ability to perform their duties. Fidelity and responsibility (Principle B) is when psychologists establish relationships of trust with those they work with. They are aware of their responsibilities to society and communities where they work. Psychologists uphold professional standards of conduct, clarify their professional roles and obligations, accept appropriateShow MoreRelatedApa Code Of Ethics Of Ethical Issues1005 Words   |  5 PagesStandard 1: Standard one of the APA Code of Ethics of resolving ethical issues states the misuse of the psychologists work because of misinterpretation. In this case, the clinical health psychologist is involved in classes throughout the program for pre-diabetics. The psychologist is licensed and trained for health promotion, especially for nutritional behaviors. I am the prevention coach and the program coordinator for the classes. When describing the reason to the participants for having a subjectRead MoreEssay on APA Codes of Ethics: 3.05 Multiple Relationships1133 Words   |  5 PagesAPA Codes of Ethics: 3.05 Multiple Relationships Introduction The relationship between a therapist and their client is a very important. However, too many relationships with a client can be potentially harmful to the client as well as the therapist. American Psychological Association (APA) Codes of Ethics 3.05a deals with how to ethically handle multiple relationships. A dual or a multiple relationship exists whenever a counselor has other connections with a client in addition or in successionRead MoreThe Ethics And Integrity Of Two Research Articles1139 Words   |  5 Pageswill analyze the ethics and integrity of two research articles. The first article, Social Networking and Professional Ethics: Client Searches, Informed Consent, and Disclosure (Harris, Robinson Kurpius, 2014). The second article, Child Rights as a Framework for Advancing Professional Standards for Practice, Ethics, and Professional Development in School Psychology (Nastasi and Naser, 2014). The standards and key portions of the American Psychological Association (APA) Code of Ethics (2010) of eachRead MoreEthical Principles, Morals And Values Of A Company Or Organization Essay1612 Words   |  7 PagesCode of ethics, are implemented to educate employees on the ethical principles, morals and values of a company or organization. Organizations such as the National Association for Social Workers (NASW), and the National Organization for Human Services (NOHS) have ethical codes in place for individuals working within the Human Services field. The American Psychological Association (APA) have ethical principles for psychologists. Furthermore, journalist’s and corporations have ethical codes they mustRead MoreClinical Supervision in Counseling Essay1266 Words   |  6 Pagesand unethical decisions made by Joe and his supervisor. It is clear their personal values differ from those who choose to follow ethical codes in counseling. The APA and ACA’s ethical standards and codes have certain relations in comparison to the violations which J oe and his supervisor have perpetrated. To avoid breaches of ethical codes, there are ACA ethics committee members to inform appropriate relationship standards with all individuals involved in the counseling process. Clinical supervisionRead MoreA Case Study Involving A Counselor Who Violates The American Counseling Association Code Of Ethics998 Words   |  4 Pagesof respecting their client. What happens when the counselor oversteps their boundaries and imposes their own beliefs on their client? This paper will introduce a case study involving a counselor who violates the American Counseling Association Code of Ethics, which every counselor should respect. Joe is a 35 year old mental health counselor and has recently received a referral to counsel a 35 year old female named Jill. Jill is currently struggling with depression and anxiety, which is heightenedRead MoreEthical Implications Of The Clara Case835 Words   |  4 Pagesstandards that would have been violated these days according to the existing APA Code of Ethics. Finally, ethical implications of making a moral judgment on past actions by researchers regarding human experimentation are discussed. The central ethical conflicts of the Clara’s case are several infringements committed regarding human rights in human experimentation. According to the American Psychological Association Code of Ethics [APA] (2010) experiments such as Clara would have violated several sectionsRead MoreThe Psychology Of Psychological Testing Essay1473 Words   |  6 Pagestests. APA Ethical Principals The American Psychological Association has compiled, the ethical principles and codes to assure integrity within the generalized field of psychology. Psychological professionals are continually met with ethical quandaries both professionally and personally, the code of ethics serve as a valuable tool for psychological professionals. APA’s 9th code is Assessment: psychology professions are culpable to use, reliableRead MoreEthical And Ethical Principles Of Psychologists And Code Of The American Psychological Association923 Words   |  4 Pagespsychologist. Psychologists follow a set of standardized codes derived from the Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct of the American Psychological Association (APA). Relying on these codes allows psychologists to make reasonable efforts to resolve an issue without violating ethical standards. If the ethics code establishes a greater standard of conduct than what is required by law, psychologists must then meet the higher standard. The code is also obviously intended to provide guidance forRead MoreEthics And Social Psychology Research775 Words   |  4 PagesEthics are a fundamentally crucial topic in social psychology research. Ethics encompass essential guidelines and codes of conduct that is taken into consideration before carrying out research. Although undergraduate and graduate curriculum in psychology acquaints students with the basic nature of ethical considerations and codes of conduct in research, however, it is likely that some of the most famous experiments in social psychology such as experiment by Stanley Milgram on â€Å"Behavioral Study of

Nature-Versus-Nurture Discussion Free Essays

Annie Murphy Paul’s article `Kid stuff: Do parents really matter?` outlines the findings of a highly controversial study on the role of nature and nurture in children’s education. The article states that a group of researchers from George Washington University and the Institute of Psychiatry in London have found that the role of parents is in fact much smaller than originally thought. The destiny of a child depends on the genetic makeup that in turn evokes responses from the environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Nature-Versus-Nurture Discussion or any similar topic only for you Order Now Parental influences can have little effect on the child’s temperament. The type of temperament (sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic, or their combination) is inborn and does not allow of serious later influences. Parents can shape the child’s character, instilling certain cultural values and norms, but they can hardly be expected to a serious influence on the temperament. Related essay: Nature or Nurture: The Case of the Boy Who Became a Girl Answers Overall, the study covered in Annie Murphy Paul’s article (1998) attributes more importance to the so-called â€Å"evocative gene-environment correlations†. She states that these correlations include responses from the environment to a certain genetic composition. This means that a person is in a way â€Å"asking† for destiny, using the pre-determined factors to trigger an environmental reaction. Parents under such a perspective only have influence inasmuch they are prompting this reaction, and in the degree their responses can define a child’s development. In this respect, it would be interesting to consider parental influences on adopted children. In such families, the genetic makeup of parents and kids is completely unrelated, and the effect of genetics could be even greater. The role of parents in any case can consist in mitigating the negative manifestations of the child’s genetic heritage. The more parents can learn about the child’s genetics, the better they can be prepared to develop the child in the right way. Reference Paul, A.M. (1998, February). Kid stuff: Do parents really matter? Psychology Today 31(1), pp. 46-51.    How to cite Nature-Versus-Nurture Discussion, Essay examples

Profit

Introduction Some companies’ have pegged their performance on profit realized in a given period of time. The level of profit reached determines whether the company is successful or not. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Profit-Oriented Companies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These companies compel the managers to adopt those strategies that will enable the business to achieve the highest level of profits as compared to other similar businesses in that industry. These are termed as profit-oriented companies (Lagerstron 1). These companies do not take part in corporate-social responsibilities but they instead focus on money generating activities. Government intervention The government has been in the forefront campaigning for companies to adopt corporate-social responsibilities (Petkoski 5). In these campaigns, companies are encouraged to give back to the society as a way of compensating the society for th e inefficiencies caused. The compensation may be given because of pollution caused to the environment, the usage of the society’s resources such as man power, security effected because of individuals’ presence in the society and vital information provided to the organization amongst others. In order to attain this, the government is encouraging businesses to adopt corporate-social responsibility as an appreciation of what they get from the society. According to (Kotler Lee 1-135), companies should give something small back to the society. This can be through charitable activities such as sponsoring bright and needy students, building of schools and hospitals and other activities which are beneficial to the society. The move by many companies A number of companies have made a decision not to adopt Corporate-Social Responsibility and have cited some arguments in support of their decision (Baker 1-5). To start with, the business is a shareholder’s property manag ed by the managers through the existence of an agent-principal relationship. These managers expend the shareholder’s wealth in the name of undertaking corporate-social responsibilities. Shareholders consider this as theft of their wealth. The shareholders are against this concept because their money is used and it is not their duty to run the business, instead it is the managers who are charged with this responsibility as THEIR agents.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Secondly, it is argued that very successful businesses or individuals waste none of their time taking part in CSR with examples of Bill Gates. They are still successful with a lot of wealth even after not incorporating CSR. Thirdly, some businesses have not developed well and thus, they cannot go on expending cash on unnecessary social projects which are costly while they have an uphill task to deal with . These companies consider themselves to be too busy in pursuing their core goals than engaging in CSR. As a matter of fact, small companies have a small pool of money which is not enough for growth and development. For these small businesses to achieve potential growth, the management is obliged to generate sufficient profits so as to be able to engage themselves in a comprehensive CSR (Longernecker et al 33-34). To conclude, some business owners argue that it is the work of the politicians to attend to the needs of the society. Therefore, the owners are not satisfied when they engage in social functions which are supposed to be undertaken by politicians. They see politicians as having neglected their role of attending to the society. Thus, if the business owners participate in CSR then, it will imply that they are taking jobs that belong to politicians. Their argument is that the core reason for establishing a business is profit maximization. Profit cannot be the primary goal Ac cording to (Vivek 3-4), being profit oriented does not mean that the company is the most profitable. In his views, those companies that end up being profitable are not entirely profit oriented. In addition, it is argued that the happiest people are not the ones who pursue happiness. This depicts that companies which are perpetually profit oriented are not necessarily the ones that emerge out to be the most profitable. However, profitable companies are the ones which cultivate, establish and maintain good relationships with various stakeholders such as customers, suppliers and employees. For example, Lehman Brothers and Enron were profit oriented in the long run. However, pursuit of personal interests by the firm’s employees culminated into failure (of the firm). This resulted to unfair treatment of employees creating discontent. Public and private goals Companies have different goals that they must achieve in order to survive in the long term as going concern entities. These goals range from public to private goals. Once a company has achieved these goals, it is capable of competing with other companies. Public goals are related to attending to the society at large while private goals relates to those goals that are unique to a company. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Profit-Oriented Companies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When the company is in need of achieving public goals, it must perform those things that are beneficial to the society. Companies that pursue public goals end up becoming market leaders in the industry. The government has continued to encourage companies to engage in CSR in an effort to promote development across all boundaries. It also creates a good atmosphere for firms to conduct their corporate activities (Leaders Summit 1-2). In addition to public goals, businesses pursue private goals which are unique from one business to another. An example of a privat e goal is profit maximization (Lagerstron 4). For a business to be successful, it must generate adequate profits. Some businesses have in the past generated very high profits only to decline in the future. An example of this is ICI which was once one of Britain’s leading companies. The company was making a lot of significant profits from its operations. However, due to failure of the firm to incorporate CSR, the firm was overtaken by other companies. This means that companies willing to enhance their profit levels should engage themselves in corporate social responsibilities. This is important because the company establishes a good relationship with customers, employees and suppliers (Dedhia 1-10). Through this relationship, the firms can establish a strong customer base that will guarantee sales to the company. This facilitates the company to experience a high sales turnover leading to high profits to the company. Consequences Companies will continuously be encouraged to u ndertake corporate social responsibility in their operation. Multinational companies from Latin America (Lourdes 1-17) have emerged to be great companies in the industry because they have adopted corporate social responsibilities. The move attracted many customers that have enhanced the growth of businesses (Gwendolyn 2). According to (Supert 1), CSR emerged in the 1980s and its incorporation by multinational companies has made these multinationals to become the world’s most profitable companies. These companies were involved in poverty alleviation in the society among other activities. The resultant effect was an improvement in their public image. This made them more acceptable to the society. Conversely, companies such as Bear Sterns did not come out successfully because they neglected the idea of corporate social responsibility. This therefore indicates that those companies which adopt CSR have a higher probability of succeeding as compared to companies that ignore the c oncept. Over the recent years, there has been a rampant growth in the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility in the firm’s course of operation.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion Profit oriented companies as discussed above are not necessarily market leaders. The management may be doing their best, but because of failure to engage in CSR, employees end up bringing them down. Therefore, a company needs to undertake corporate social responsibility to enhance its probability of success. The managers should also realize that any failure to manage these companies properly can result in low returns (CSR press release 1-3). Works Cited Baker, Mallen. Corporate social responsibility. Web. CSR press release. Managing corporate social responsibility. New York: Ethical Corporations, 2003. Print. Dedhia, Manish. How to build good customer relationship. Web. Gwendolyn, Cuizon. What is corporate social responsibility? How will CSR benefit the Company. Europe: Double Dragon Publishing, 2007. Print. Kotler, Philip and Lee, Nancy. Corporate social responsibility: doing the most good for your company and your cause. Washington: John Wiley Sons, 2005. Print. Lagers tron, Mitra. Performance measurement and management control system; profit- oriented vs. non profit corporations. Sweden: Lund’s University, 2002. Print. Leaders Summit. Role of government in promoting corporate responsibility and private sector engagement in development. New York: UN Global Compact, 2010. Print. Longernecker, Justin, Moore, Carlos and Palich, Leslie. Small business management; an entrepreneurial emphasis. USA: Cengage Learning, 2005. Print. Lourdes, Casanova. Corporate social responsibility and the Latin American multinationals. France: strategy Department, 2010. Print. Petkoski, Djordjija. Public policy for corporate social responsibility. World Bank Institute: Nigel Twose, 2003. Print. Supert, Christian. Corporate responsibility-driven towards standardization? SLU: Department of Economics, 2005. Print. Vivek, Kaul. Profit can’t be primary goal of business. Mumbai: Deligent Media Corporations Ltd, 2010. Print. This essay on Profit-Oriented Companies was written and submitted by user KarenPage to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Aesthetics Essay Example

Aesthetics Essay Example Aesthetics Essay Aesthetics Essay What types of objects do you think count as art? What sorts of things do not? For example, can quilting be art? Explain why you include and exclude the things that you do. What makes them art or not art? I think many things can be considered a form of art. Though there may be a variety of opinions concerning what is and what isn’t art. I believe if an object can be somehow be aesthetically pleasing then it must be art or hold some sort of artistic value. Art is something that is measured by the quality of time and thought that goes into making something appealing, no matter what that something is.It can be a painting by Leonardo DaVinci or line of sticks laid out very strategically. A piece of well thought out or planned furniture or an article of clothing. A key factor that make something art is how an audience reacts to it or their emotion as well as the aesthetic appeal or that object. If something is made a certain way or to perform a certain way then it must have been done that way to improve aesthetics. There are many objects I believe to be considered art.Furniture for example can definitely be categorized as art because we find furniture to be aesthetically pleasing to one’s eye. When I go shopping for furniture I look at certain pieces that attract my eye and taste. I look for color and the way it may be built. Many people may choose to argue this statement because furniture is something that people use. It is a commercially built product and most importantly, there are more than one. These same people will also tell you that art is to be looked at and not used. Also, art should be so special and important that it can not be replicated.Art should be one and not have the ability to be replicated. This brings me to my point. Many critics may argue that if there is more than one of something then it cannot be considered art. Some say if a thing can be mass produced then it cannot be called art or be considered an art form. I argue that even though something is mass produced then it still maintains a high sense of artistic from. Clothing is something that can be mass produced and I still believe that is holds artistic value because of the origin of that piece of clothing.Whoever came up with the article of clothing chose a color, a fabric, a pattern, specific stitching, length, width and size for the article of clothing. All of these variables were chosen for the original concept. Then, once the original concept was completed it was copied over and over again. Generally home decorations such as furniture, ceramics, rugs, baskets and other objects you would find in most home are home furnishings which falls in the category of decorative arts and not to be considered works of visual art but I beg to differ.

Battle of Beaver Dams in the War of 1812

Battle of Beaver Dams in the War of 1812 The Battle of Beaver Dams was fought June 24, 1813, during the War of 1812 (1812-1815). In the aftermath of the failed campaigns of 1812, newly re-elected President James Madison was compelled to reassess the strategic situation along the Canadian border. As efforts in the Northwest were stalled pending an American fleet gaining control of Lake Erie, it was decided to center American operations for 1813 on achieving victory on Lake Ontario and the Niagara frontier. It was believed that victory in and around Lake Ontario would cut off Upper Canada and pave the way for an strike against Montreal. American Preparations In preparation for the main American push on Lake Ontario, Major General Henry Dearborn was directed to shift 3,000 men from Buffalo for assaults against Forts Erie and George as well as position 4,000 men at Sackets Harbor. This second force was to attack Kingston at the upper outlet of the lake. Success on both fronts would sever the lake from the Lake Erie and the St. Lawrence River. At Sackets Harbor, Captain Isaac Chauncey had rapidly built a fleet and had seized naval superiority from his British counterpart, Captain Sir James Yeo. Meeting at Sackets Harbor, Dearborn and Chauncey began to have concerns about the Kingston operation despite the fact that the town was only thirty miles away. While Chauncey worried about possible ice around Kingston, Dearborn was fretted about the size of the British garrison. Instead of striking at Kingston, the two commanders instead decided to conduct a raid against York, Ontario (present-day Toronto). Though of insignificant strategic value, York was the capital of Upper Canada and Chauncey had word that two brigs were under construction there. Attacking on April 27, American forces captured and burned the town. Following the York operation, Secretary of War John Armstrong chastised Dearborn for failing to accomplish anything of strategic value. Fort George In response, Dearborn and Chauncey began shifting troops south for an assault on Fort George in late May. Alerted to this, Yeo and the Governor General of Canada, Lieutenant General Sir George Prevost, immediately moved to attack Sackets Harbor while American forces were occupied along the Niagara. Departing Kingston, they landed outside of the town on May 29 and marched to destroy the shipyard and Fort Tompkins. These operations were quickly disrupted by a mixed regular and militia force led by Brigadier General Jacob Brown of the New York militia. Containing the British beachhead, his men poured intense fire into Prevosts troops and compelled them to withdraw. For his part in the defense, Brown was offered a brigadier generals commission in the regular army. To the southwest, Dearborn and Chauncey moved forward with their attack on Fort George. Delegating operational command to Colonel Winfield Scott, Dearborn observed as American forces conducted an early morning amphibious assault on May 27. This was aided by a force of dragoons crossing the Niagara River upstream at Queenston which was tasked with severing the British line of retreat to Fort Erie. Meeting Brigadier General John Vincents troops outside of the fort, the Americans succeeded in driving off the British with the aid of naval gunfire support from Chaunceys ships. Forced to surrender the fort and with the route south blocked, Vincent abandoned his posts on the Canadian side of the river and withdrew west. As a result, American forces crossed the river and took Fort Erie (Map). Dearborn Retreats Having lost the dynamic Scott to a broken collarbone, Dearborn ordered Brigadier Generals William Winder and John Chandler west to pursue Vincent. Political appointees, neither had meaningful military experience. On June 5, Vincent counterattacked at the Battle of Stoney Creek and succeeded in capturing both generals. On the lake, Chaunceys fleet had departed for Sackets Harbor only to be replaced by Yeos. Threatened from the lake, Dearborn lost his nerve and ordered a retreat to a perimeter around Fort George. Carefully following, the British moved east and occupied two outposts at Twelve Mile Creek and Beaver Dams. These positions allowed British and Native American forces to raid the area around Fort George and keep American troops contained. Armies Commanders: Americans Lieutenant Colonel Charles Boerstlerapproximately 600 men British Lieutenant James Fitzgibbon450 men Background In an effort to end these attacks, the American commander at Fort George, Brigadier General John Parker Boyd, ordered a force assembled to strike at Beaver Dams. Intended to be a secret attack, a column of around 600 men was assembled under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Charles G. Boerstler. A mixed force of infantry and dragoons, Boerstler also was assigned two cannon. At sunset on June 23, the Americans departed Fort George and moved south along the Niagara River to the village of Queenston. Occupying the town, Boerstler quartered his men with the inhabitants. Laura Secord A number of American officers stayed with James and Laura Secord. According to tradition, Laura Secord overheard their plans to attack Beaver Damns and slipped away from the town to warn the British garrison. Traveling through the woods, she was intercepted by Native Americans and taken to Lieutenant James Fitzgibbon who commanded the 50-man garrison at Beaver Dams. Alerted to American intentions, Native American scouts were deployed to identify their route and set up ambushes. Departing Queenston in late morning on June 24, Boerstler believed he retained the element of surprise. The Americans Beaten Advancing through wooded terrain, it soon became apparent that Native American warriors were moving on their flanks and rear. These were 300 Caughnawaga led by Captain Dominique Ducharme of the Indian Department and 100 Mohawks led by Captain William Johnson Kerr. Attacking the American column, the Native Americans initiated three-hour battle in the forest. Wounded early in the action, Boerstler was placed in a supply wagon. Fighting through the Native American lines, the Americans sought to reach open ground where their artillery could be brought into action. Arriving on the scene with his 50 regulars, Fitzgibbon approached the wounded Boerstler under a flag of truce. Telling the American commander that his men were surrounded, Fitzgibbon demanded his surrender stating that if they did not capitulate he could not guarantee that the Native Americans would not slaughter them. Wounded and seeing no other option, Boerstler surrendered with 484 of his men. Aftermath The fighting at the Battle of Beaver Dams cost the British approximately 25-50 killed and wounded, all from their Native American allies. American losses were around 100 killed and wounded, with the remainder being captured. The defeat badly demoralized the garrison at Fort George and American forces became reluctant to advance more than a mile from its walls. Despite the victory, the British were not strong enough to force the Americans from the fort and were forced to content themselves with interdicting its supplies. For his weak performance during the campaign, Dearborn was recalled on July 6 and replaced with Major General James Wilkinson.

Instruction and Assessmrnt plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Instruction and Assessmrnt plan - Essay Example This paper puts forth some writing and reading learning activities to enhance the same in 5th graders. (Hurley, 2001) Day/Dates Lesson Objective Instructional methods Material Needed Reading Activity 1 Monday Start Reading the story â€Å"Because of Winn Dixie† It will be a read-aloud method in class for the first day followed by some home-reading To get the students geared up for what is to follow ; develop their reading habit and ability to appreciate good literature A brief introduction on the story to be given by the teacher followed by READ-ALOUD sessions of the story and prospect discussions. Get the students to introspect on the characters that they might encounter in the story and what do they expect the plot to be like. White board Marker Flash cards Reading Activity 2 Tuesday Follow-up session on the reading home-assignment given on Monday. To develop the thinking skills of the students and their ability to comprehend the context and predict plots. Preview. Predict G et the students to discuss: 1. What part did Winn Dixie had to play in what happened at the library? 2. Is it possible for a girl to be on friendly terms with an elderly librarian White board Marker Flash cards Reading Activity 3 Wednesday Reader Groups will be made Centered activity and reading would be of : 1. Something to Do Help Students sequence the story, to summarize, and develop story board. 1. Students will be put in leveled groups. 2. During the class, the teacher will put forth story board activities related to sequencing and vocabulary. 3. Students will be expected to take part in the story board activities on rotational basis. White board Marker Posters for story board activities Reading Activity 4 Thursday Reader groups will again be made. Reading would be of: Child of the silent Night Help students In sequencing and vocabulary comprehension. 1. Participation during the entire group discussion. 2. Get students to infer meaning of vocabulary words like grand, memorial, pitfalls etc. 3. Students will be expected to attend to questions put forth by the instructor : What experiences bring forth people from diverse culture together. ; How did Laura recover (Describe the sequence) 4. Words will be read from the context and pictures will be provided to give cue to their meanings from the context. 5. Students will be expected to solve practice work sheet page 4 White board Marker Posters for story board activities Reading Standards: To inculcate an understanding of figurative language in students. Students at grade 5 level are not pro at their understanding of figurative language. They find it difficult to draw inferences and meanings given the context at this level. They still tend to delve on the literal meaning of words. So the idea would be to develop their understanding of figurative language. Secondly, it would also aim at inculcate student understanding and ability to connect different ideas and arguments, in a given context. In general the abilit y to understand and comprehend information will be developed at this level. Day/Date Lesson Objective Instructional Method Materials Needed Writing Activity 1 Monday Narrative Prompt The objective of this activity is to help students put in words what they feel about a certain aspect of their life/life in general. It is simply